Collide - Younger Days Activities

I have started to illustrate the things I did when I was younger so that I can start to create a bucket-list or something else with them. Once I have the assets I can use them on anything I want quite easily. 

Collide - Lessons in happiness

Happiness/ Future

Survey 

I’ve come to a point in the project where I have a vague idea of what I want to create; I want to think about activities you can do with a niece/ nephew whilst also teaching them life lessons. 

So for this survey I decided to get an idea of what people did when they were younger that made them happy and what lessons they would have told their younger self if they had the chance. 

To the left is a detailed response that I received from one user; some of the answers were personal to the user and their family but the majority of the answers I could illustrate as a generic response.

Seminar - Rob Lycett - working with the brief

This weeks seminar we were given pieces of text and annotated them to find relations to the collide brief that we had recently been given in studio. We were each given one sheet and then we would swap them in a group so that we would end up with different thoughts and interpretations of each text.

So in the pieces of text we were looking for links to happiness, future self and the digital age. I found this difficult at first as some pieces of text were more obvious than others, and if I'm honest I didn't fully know what I was looking for in some cases. 

I did find it useful to see what other peoples interpretations were in comparison to my own thoughts. This reminded me of the theory from the start of the year in relation to open works, each piece of text was open to interpretation which is why they got different responses. 

Thoughts
I found it interesting to  carry out this task, and I would potentially do it again so I can improve as I found it quite hard at first to know what to look for. This will help me when I'm researching and knowing what to look at and for. 

Collide - Quotes by Miss Anne Frank

1. Have the courage to be yourself.

“I know what I want, I have a goal, an opinion, I have a religion and love. Let me be myself and then I am satisfied. I know that I’m a woman, a woman with inward strength and plenty of courage.” ~ Anne Frank

2. Never give up on yourself. Never give up on your dreams.

“It’s difficult in times like these: ideals, dreams and cherished hopes rise within us, only to be crushed by grim reality. It’s a wonder I haven’t abandoned all my ideals, they seem so absurd and impractical. Yet I cling to them because I still believe, in spite of everything, that people are truly good at heart.” ~ Anne Frank

3. Everyone has inside of him a piece of good news.

“Everyone has inside of him a piece of good news. The good news is that you don’t know how great you can be! How much you can love! What you can accomplish! And what your potential is!” ~ Anne Frank

4. Never stop improving.

“When you are on your bed at night just analyse all the happenings you have been go through whole day and learn from your mistakes, you will be a better person then.” ~ Anne Frank

“How noble and good everyone could be if, every evening before falling asleep, they were to recall to their minds the events of the whole day and consider exactly what has been good and bad. Then without realizing it, you try to improve yourself at the start of each new day.” ~ Anne Frank

5. Human greatness does not lie in wealth or power.

“Human greatness does not lie in wealth or power, but in character and goodness. People are just people, and all people have faults and shortcomings, but all of us are born with a basic goodness.” ~ Anne Frank

6. Underneath it all, we are all good.

“It’s really a wonder that I haven’t dropped all my ideals, because they seem so absurd and impossible to carry out. Yet I keep them, because in spite of everything, I still believe that people are really good at heart.” ~ Anne Frank

7. Think of all the beauty still left around you and be happy.

“I don’t think of all the misery, but of the beauty that still remains.” ~ Anne Frank

“As long as this exists, this sunshine and this cloudless sky, and as long as I can enjoy it, how can I be sad?” ~ Anne Frank

“I simply can’t build up my hopes on a foundation consisting of confusion, misery, and death. I see the world gradually being turned into a wilderness, I hear the ever approaching thunder, which will destroy us too, I can feel the sufferings of millions and yet, if I look up into the heavens, I think that it will all come right, that this cruelty too will end, and that peace and tranquillity will return again.” ~ Anne Frank

8. Where there’s hope, there’s life.

“Where there’s hope, there’s life. It fills us with fresh courage and makes us strong again.” ~ Anne Frank

“How wonderful it is that nobody need wait a single moment before starting to improve the world.” ~ Anne Frank

9. Writing is therapy.

“I can shake off everything as I write; my sorrows disappear, my courage is reborn.” ~ Anne Frank

“Writing in a diary is a really strange experience for someone like me. Not only because I’ve never written anything before, but also because it seems to me that later on neither I nor anyone else will be interested in the musings of a thirteen-year old school girl. Oh well, it doesn’t matter. I feel like writing.” ~ Anne Frank

10. No one has ever become poor by giving.

“No one has ever become poor by giving.” ~ Anne Frank

11. The final forming of a person’s character lies in their own hands.

“Parents can only give good advice or put them on the right paths, but the final forming of a person’s character lies in their own hands.” ~ Anne Frank

12. Nature brings solace in all troubles.

“The best remedy for those who are afraid, lonely or unhappy is to go outside, somewhere where they can be quite alone with the heavens, nature and God. Because only then does one feel that all is as it should be and that God wishes to see people happy, amidst the simple beauty of nature. As longs as this exists, and it certainly always will, I know that then there will always be comfort for every sorrow, whatever the circumstances may be. And I firmly believe that nature brings solace in all troubles.” ~ Anne Frank

“Look at how a single candle can both defy and define the darkness.” ~ Anne Frank

13. People can tell you to keep your mouth shut, but that doesn’t stop you from having your own opinion.

“People can tell you to keep your mouth shut, but that doesn’t stop you from having your own opinion.” ~ Anne Frank

14. Whoever is happy will make others happy.

“Whoever is happy will make others happy.” ~ Anne Frank

15. The sharpest weapon of all is a kind and gentle spirit

“In the long run, the sharpest weapon of all is a kind and gentle spirit.” ~ Anne Frank

16. We are all different, yet we are all the same.

“We all live with the objective of being happy; our lives are all different and yet the same.” ~ Anne Frank

17. Women, who struggle and suffer pain to ensure the continuation of the human race, make much tougher and more courageous soldiers than all those big-mouthed freedom-fighting heroes put together.

“Women should be respected as well! Generally speaking, men are held in great esteem in all parts of the world, so why shouldn’t women have their share? Soldiers and war heroes are honoured and commemorated, explorers are granted immortal fame, martyrs are revered, but how many people look upon women too as soldiers?…Women, who struggle and suffer pain to ensure the continuation of the human race, make much tougher and more courageous soldiers than all those big-mouthed freedom-fighting heroes put together!” ~ Anne Frank

18. Laugh at everything and forget everybody else!

There’s only one rule you need to remember: laugh at everything and forget everybody else! It sound egotistical, but it’s actually the only cure for those suffering from self-pity.” ~ Anne Frank

19. Memories are worth a lot more than material things.

“Memories mean more to me than dresses.” ~ Anne Frank

20. You can be lonely even when you are loved by many people.

“You can be lonely even when you are loved by many people, since you are still not anybody’s one and only.” ~ Anne Frank

21. Those who have courage and faith shall never perish in misery.

“Those who have courage and faith shall never perish in misery.”  ~ Anne Frank

22. Laziness may look inviting, but only work gives you true satisfaction.

“Earning happiness means doing good and working, not speculating and being lazy. Laziness may look inviting, but only work gives you true satisfaction.” ~ Anne Frank

23. You only really get to know people when you’ve had a jolly good row with them.

“Anyhow, I’ve learned one thing now. You only really get to know people when you’ve had a jolly good row with them. Then and then only can you judge their true characters!” ~ Anne Frank

24. Be like a little child. Never stop questioning.

“Ever since I was a little girl and could barely talk, the word ‘why’ has lived and grown along with me. It’s a well-known fact that children ask questions about anything and everything, since almost everything is new to them. That is especially true of me, and not just as a child. Even when I was older, I couldn’t stop asking questions. I have to admit that it can be annoying sometimes, but I comfort myself with the thought that “You won’t know until you ask,” though by now I’ve asked so much that they ought to have made me a professor. When I got older, I noticed that not all questions can be asked and that many whys can never be answered. As a result, I tried to work things out for myself by mulling over my own questions. And I came to the important discovery that questions which you either can’t or shouldn’t ask in public, or questions which you can’t put into words, can easily be solved in your own head. So the word ‘why’ not only taught me to ask, but also to think. And thinking has never hurt anyone. On the contrary, it does us all a world of good.” ~ Anne Frank

25. Not everyone has the gift of believing in heavenly things.

“People who have a religion should be glad, for not everyone has the gift of believing in heavenly things.” ~ Anne Frank

Collide - Life lessons

Happiness/ Future

Anne Frank 

Carrying on with the idea of having life lessons I have been reading Anne Frank’s diary in my own time and have consciously been noticing the lessons that she writes about; she writes them without realising. 

There are ones related to happiness and just lessons in general but every time I read them I can instantly apply them to my own life. So I thought I could take lessons from her to feature in my own book of life lessons. 

On the next pages there are some of her lessons taken straight from her diary. 

Process and Production (year 2) - Cinema 4D as a design tool

This is the first process and production workshop using Cinema 4D; it is also the first time I have really used the software so I was interested in the workshop from the beginning as its a new skill to add to the list. The program is aimed at graphic designers but based around motion graphics; so for me it will be useful to create graphical images. 

We started in illustrator where the artwork was created; for this session we were going to create a logo in C4D. As I already have a logo I decided to take the type from the logo to use it for this. First we needed to set up the document, this involved using the rulers to put the '0' point in the right place. The standard place is set to the left corner but when you are working in 3D space you need to align the '0' to the centre of the page. To achieve this you drag the plus from the left corner into the centre of the page; you will be told when you have got the centre. When making objects in cinema 4d you have to make sure that the object has a closed path; this reason for this is so that it doesn't look like a sheet of paper once you have transferred the file into cinema 4d. For text you need to convert them in to outlines as it won't work as a text box format. 

The next stage is saving the artwork, you have to save the file to a lower version of illustrator (illustrator 8) so that it would work in c4d. It doesn't matter that the illustrator is a lower version as Cinema 4D is a virtual studios with unlimited potential so I can make the artwork better in the software later. 

When opening up C4D we changed the page settings by using the edit render settings button, then selecting for print A4 Landscape and changed the metrics to mm (millimetres). As this was the first time using the software I was taught a little bit about the layout and the rest I would learn a long the way when creating things; but the most important was that the object list window is in the top right and beneath that is the attributes window. The next step was editing the mode which was achieved by going to mode > view settings > go to view menu > tick action safe > 95% - this creates a guide line to tell you where the edge is, so you know where your artwork can be placed. The border can be tinted so you can see it easily, but change the opacity to 50% so that its not too over facing. This file was then saved before bringing in any artwork so that we had a template to use in the future if needed. When working the logo we then saved this as a different version so that we had a separate template. 

It was finally time to insert the artwork; to do this you go to File > merge > select logo > open > then a dialog box appears, you select > scale - 1 cm > and press okay > it will then appear on the screen. So that the artwork was in the centre of the 3D space I set the coords. to '0' on all axis (xyz); although this can be changed easily at any point. At this stage we opened the drop down menu of the logo in the object window; this allows you to see the different elements that make up the logo. So in this case there was a 'j' 's' i' 'd' 'e' 's' 'i' 'g' 'n'; you can select these individually to edit them separately or you can select the logo to edit it as a whole. Next we went to the subdivision button > extrude; to apply the extrude to the letters you drag them over the extrude layer. Before editing the extrude settings we changed the display settings to Gouraud shading (lines) so that you could see the polygons in the objects clearer. The letters were edited further as the edges were quite sharp; to reduce this you go to caps tab > fillet cap and edited the settings of this until satisfied. Instead of repeating this process for each letter, you select the extrudelayer we had just created and clicked Cmd on our keyboards and dragged the extrude to below the layers pile, deleting the path in it and then dragged another letter into this duplicated layer and repeated until all the letters had this effect on them. Then drag all the paths out from the extrude > select them all > right click > connect objects + delete > then drag the connected paths into one of the extrudes and delete the other two. Instead of bringing in text from illustrator you can use the text tool within C4D by going to mograph > motext; then change the writing to what you want in the editing panel, change the size, depth etc. Also you can add shapes within C4D by going to pen > selecting any of the shapes > extrude > change settings > objects > then edit the settings; although I didn't as I didn't want a shape within my design as it didn't look right with the text. 

The next step is add materials which you could say is adding the colour to objects but its more than that when you go further with it. To create a material you double click at the bottom timeline and then click on colour tab > change colour. To add to your objects drag and drop it on the objects; I added them to my floor and background as well. It's now time to add a camera to the scene; you need to set up the shot by using the view points tool, then click on the camera button to add the camera. The final step is adding light to the left shoulder of the camera and putting a blue tint on it by editing it in the attributes box. This light is then duplicated and moved to the other side of the camera and a yellow tint is adding to this. The reason for adding these is to allow shadows from the objects to be smoother and therefore more realistic. It was rendered at this stage with the final output being a Jpeg.

Overall I am pleased with the outcome, considering this is my first attempt at using Cinema 4D as a design tool. It is quite easy to pick up which I was surprised with which is an encouraging notion. If something is hard it can be off putting and although I admit it got confusing in stages, as a whole I understood the basics. When you have the basic you can expand on this, you have to start somewhere. I never saw Cinema 4D as a design tool until now and I will start to develop my skills so I can use the software to a higher level in the future whether it be for a project or in industry. By learning this software it will give me another direction I can take my designs therefore more space to explore and create which is exciting. 

Collide - The happiness machine

Happiness

Brendan Dawes (2012)

After thinking of the survival guide idea I thought about creating life lessons for my younger self/ nephew. Which is when I came across the happiness machine which is inspired by a passage from Ray Bradbury’s Dandelion Wine, The Happiness Machine is an Internet connected printer that prints random happy thoughts by random people from across the web.

I like this idea of getting a happy thought everyday to put you in a good mood for the day; could I create one but for life lessons and give someone a lesson for life each day.

Collide - The happy show

Happiness

Stefan Sagmeister

This is the happiness show Is interesting for me just in terms of style and how it has been presented. As for this brief we need to have something to display in an exhibition; this show is an exhibition which could give me ideas on how to display my work in an interesting playful way. 

Collide - Pinterest

Collide - Buckitdream

Future self/ Happiness

Checklist/Bucket-list

I came across this app on my phone; it gives you the chance to create a bucket-list and you see what is on other peoples bucket-lists to inspire you. 

So thinking about my own buck-list idea, people could share the activities they do with their nephew/ niece to give other aunties and uncles things to do with theirs. I like this idea of sharing, as in a sense you are sharing happiness through an app; this is being shared worldwide!

I think this is a good idea that needs developing further to fully get the most out of the app. 

Collide - Top trumps

Collide - Bucketlist

Collide - Survival guide

Collide - Ideas

1

Checklist/Bucket-list

This is thinking back to what will make me happy in the future; so I’m going to be an auntie quite soon so I was thinking about what stuff I could do with my nephew which is when I came up with a bucket-list type of idea.

OUTCOME:  It could be made in to a book for the physical item and in to an app for the digital aspect. Both outcomes can be shared with other uses and especially the app can share things to do with people all around the world. 

2

Top Trumps

I thought of how you can share happiness and this made me think of making cards that have something related to happiness on them; these cards could then be shared. Which is when I started to think of an idea similar to ‘top trumps’ but in relation to happiness; however it may be difficult to measure happiness. 

OUTCOME: playing cards for physical and not sure for digital. 

3

Survival Guide

This is in relation to the first idea of becoming an auntie; I would create a two sided book that would have one side for the auntie/uncle and the other side for the niece/nephew.

OUTCOME: a two sided book for the physical and maybe an online website for the digital aspect.

Collide - Digital age

Collide - Happiness

Collide - Future me

Collide - Things I Have Learned In My Life So Far

FUTURE SELF

Stefan Sagmeister

Sagmeister has produced a collection of zines which come together in a box; the front of the box has cut out sections. I was initially interested in this ‘book’ as I thought about what would I tell my future self from what i’ve learnt myself over the years. 

In one of the zines the life lesson is ‘Complaining is silly. Either act or forget.’; I like this one in particular as the imagery accompanying it links directly to the text. As you flick through the pages the words start to fade to represent the notion of forgetting. This is a clever idea and shows that the design has been well thought out. 

My thoughts

I’m interested in the idea of creating a book which would inform a younger self on lessons for surviving in life. The lessons would come from personal experience or from the experiences that other people have had whilst growing up. After looking at this set up it has made me question how I will present the lessons and how can I play around with the idea. 

Collide - Slogans For The 21st Century

DIGITAL AGE

Douglas Coupland (2011 -2014)

In Couplands’ view, the ‘post internet brain’ is reference to the 21st century ‘condition’ in which we have been affected by the digitally versed millenial. We are a generation growing up in the digital age. 

Coupland produced set of rectangle blocks that were text based; these were statements/thoughts from the artists around the notion of the digital age. The way the blocks have been installed has resembles what it’s like to scroll through the internet; you are bombarded with information, text, images etc. 

In this century everybody feels the need to document everything they do; and if I’m honest I am guilty of this to a certain degree. If you think about it; we are all creating an ongoing archive which in the future could be the document of our history. 

My thoughts

I think that this is an interesting idea and really highlights how the world is working and changing. Also I like the style of the posters; simple yet effective. No imagery is needed, the words speak for themselves. 

Process and Production (year 2) - After Effects - 3D cameras

This is the first process and production session of the term and in this after effects workshop we looked at using 3D cameras. In the process we learnt about how 2D objects can exist in 3D space. Z space capacity is how objects remain as 2D. During the workshop we learnt how to move a camera through a 3D space and can stagger when you see the objects using Z space. By pulling the camera back it gives a story telling element as when you pull the camera back more of the scene is revealed, therefore revealing a piece of the story one piece at a time. 

To show us what was expected from us or should I say the style we would be working in; we were shown a lyric video for 'MGMT - All we ever wanted was everything'. After looking at this video we started to base our ideas around this. I was impressed with the way the video came together and it was clear that it worked due to the illustrations and the timing combined, if the timing was out I feel it wouldn't have been as successful. 


  MGMT - All We Ever Wanted Was Everything from oneedo on Vimeo.

To start the process we needed a 2D scene to work with, this meant creating an artwork illustrator; with each element being on a separate layer. The reason for using separate layers was so that when working in after effects you can animate them separately. Some people used images from the internet to give them inspiration, but I decided to just create a scene from my own imagination; it was just a simple street scene with houses and street lamps. I had two background layers as I wanted to switch from night to day during my animation. I kept the scene quite simple as although the example had a lot going on in the scene, the individual elements themselves were quite basic. Thinking about the animation I ordered the layers in the order that I wanted them to appear, hence why I put the first night background to the bottom of the layers stack. For the animation to work well we were asked to have roughly 6-8 objects; the art board was then stretched out so that all the elements fitted on the page. 

When in after effects and opening the file, you have to click retain layer styles. Then you move on to the composition settings where you make sure 'lock aspect ratio' is unticked, the width is 1920px and height 1080px, frame rate is 25 and the duration is 10 seconds long. After all the setup you drag the file into the composition and activate the 3D square on the toggle switches. There are three different directions of movement; x, y and z, to see these better you need to set up your views. Originally you're only given 1 view so we changed that so we had two views; the left was the active camera, which is the position you render from and the right view was the top view, which helps to see the objects and move them in z space. For the camera to move effectively through the scene, the object had to be staggered in z space; this is so that theres enough room for the camera to fly through at a reasonable speed. I put the middle object in the middle of the page and then staggered the rest out evenly in z space with the background being the furtherest away. The advantage of this method is that you can build the whole project using two key frames, with the focus being on the visuals looking nice.

This is the stage where the camera comes in to play; to add the camera you go to layer > new > camera > make sure it is set at two-node cameras and preset 50mm. You can see the camera appear in the top view mode whereas the active mode is looking through the camera. There is a triangle which shows the range of vision and the point of interest; when the camera is selected use the Z arrow to move it right into the first object. At that position create a key frame and then move a long the timeline to the end pull the camera back through the scene to reveal the last object, then set a key frame. There is an opportunity to edit the speed of the camera but when I reviewed mine I was happy with speed it was already set at. The position of the camera can be edited, to get a better view of this process I looked at the left view then used the y axis to position the camera.

The quality of your artwork can be improve but before doing so you must consider the affect it will have on your file size and rendering time. At the side of each layer you can click on the box which has different line styles; the dotted line is the poorest quality whereas the solid diagonal line is the highest quality. Another way you can improve the quality is by clicking on the form comp layer button and it will fill in with an icon; this makes your images clearer/smoother when zoomed in. 

The next stage is scaling up your items so that you can't see any of the black background when your camera pans through the scene; also by having your scene fill the space it makes the animation look more professional and finished. I wanted to add more depth to the objects so I decided I was going to add a texture to the background and some of the objects in the scene; some people replaced the original colours for just the texture but I wanted the texture to be applied to the colours I already had, achieving a more subtle effect. To import the textures I went to files > select layer in timeline > lay menu > precompose (short cut shift + cmd + c) > leave all attributes in main comp is selected, then I double clicked on the layer I wanted to add a texture to and dragged and dropped the texture underneath on the comp box > drop down menu > choose alpha mat and I also changed the setting of the object to multiply.

Finally I added a rolling effect to the objects and made them come in at different times to create a staggered layer structure. The technical term for this is a page turn effect. To get this you select a layer to work with then go to - effect > distort > CC page turn. I used the controls change it to classic UI - I controlled the position by using the fold position - change to -180. Then move the timeline curser to where you want the effect to start and click the stop watch on the position, roll it off the page, then move your timeline curser to where you want the effect to finish and roll your object back onto the page. 

As an extra part I decided to add music to set the tone; I felt it was missing after watching the music lyric animation earlier. The music I chose was a relaxed song which would make the piece feel like you're drifting through the scene. I feel this added the missing element and finished off the piece well. 

Overall I was pleased with the outcome; I feel that this has been one of my strongest pieces to date. I think the reasons for this is that I didn't require much animation and the focus was on the illustrations. If I have more time I could create a developed scene with more layers which would improve it even more. Often I don't enjoy these workshops as I can't get a grasp of the programs and animation, however this week I really enjoyed the process and learning a new skill. I think the fact I like the outcome contributes to the fact that I enjoyed the workshop. After this session I feel more confident using the software and I can see myself using this technique in the future to develop myself as a graphic designer.  

3D cameras from Jade Irving on Vimeo.

Collide - Focusing on the theme

What is happiness?

Happiness is a mental or emotional state of well-being defined by positive or pleasant emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy.

What is the digital age?

The digital age, also known as the information age, is defined as the time period starting in the 1970s with the introduction of the personal computer with subsequent technology introduced providing the ability to transfer information freely and quickly. It was a transition from traditional methods of working to working digitally. 

How has the internet changed us?

The internet has changed the way people operate and conduct daily activities. Without the internet you wouldn’t be able to have vital business video call to connect parts of the company etc.

How does it affect my life?

I’m constantly using the internet and technology via my mobile phone. Without it I don’t know what I would do? For example I don’t remember what I did before I had the internet and my phone, maybe this is a sad notion?

What else could it do for us?

I think a lot more could be done with the internet in terms of connecting people but I also think that the internet needs to be used less. In some cases it’s good to search for things and find you are in a similar position to someone else which is comforting; however when you are trying to searching for what to expect when going to a concert for example you are missing the element of surprise and it’s good to not know everything all the time so you can live in the moment. 

Collide of elements?

I want to start with the first element, happiness, what truely makes you happy? And I think for a lot of people it can be acknowledgement from  your peers or anyone in general. Why would we spend time on social media documenting things if this weren’t the case. This is where the digital age comes in to play; as the internet and technology continues to grow it allows more opportunities for people to show their life through a screen. Often you find people videing an event or a life moment so that they can look back on or just to prove that it actually happened instead of living in the moment and living for now. I must say that I’m often in habit of filming things instead of just enjoying what is going on; sometimes I feel I should take a step back from technology and see how I cope. Now moving on to the notion of my future self, I think that in the future I will become even more involved in technology to try achieve happiness. As currently I use it to watch programs, to listen to music, to draw etc all things that entertain me and make me happy. I’m also a lover of food and the internet can even cater for that by ordering online. Therefore when I look to my future self I see myself using the internet and technology even more depending on the development of these. 

In terms of what I want to achieve for my future self, I want to have a high reliable income that will allow me to do things I want to do whether it be by myself or with my future family. So although I would like to go in to a job in the design industry, if I can’t achieve this I will look for a job that will give me the high reliable income that I desire. 

As a designer in the digital age it is important to have an online presence in order to be successful; to get the word out if you like. Therefore for my future self to have a successful future in the design industry I will need to have a presence online, whether it be on social media, blogging, a Linkedin profile etc. 

Contextual Portfolio - Lecture notes

This is the first lecture of term two; this term we will have Alison Rowley instead of Spencer Roberts for the lecture series on a Monday morning. So what is the lectures all about? We will be looking at key practitioners and bodies of work recognised as significant interventions in their fields. Exploring and determining meaning in art and design practices. 

A key element to work is now photography based which is why we had a focus on photography during this lecture. 

The bowery of two inadequate systems (21 black and white images - images/text) - Martha Rosler (1970's)
 - She describes the Bowery as part of New York's act of refusal, refusing to ignore them or objectify those who are suffering from poverty. Beautiful photographs but not of beautiful subjects. The difference between the rich and the poor - picture of a bank with two bottles from where the homeless are sleeping. Capitalism.

Here is an example of The Bowery of two inadequate systems. There is text at the side of the photographs to describe and summarise the photos. 













Photographers (well known photographers) -Don McCullin - British photographer - The Bogside, Derry, 1971 - looking in on someone else's troubles - this is spectacle.Diane Arbus - she did series of twins, became known as freak show photographs.

I enjoyed this lecture as it gave me the chance to delve deeper into the meaning behind the photographs rather than just seeing an image. I have an interest in photography myself and I was inspired by the style of the photos we were shown in the lecture.